The naturalization rate of immigrants is affected by their characteristics, the economic and political conditions in their home countries, and government policies in the destination country. This article looks at how changes in government policies in Canada from 2006 to 2016 impacted this rate. We hypothesize that the least advantaged immigrants would be most affected by stricter policies. The large decline in the naturalization rate among immigrants with low family income, low language skills, and low education supports this hypothesis.