Welcoming 60,000 Southeast Asian refugees in 1979–80 is a celebrated part of Canada’s history, but their integration into society has received less attention. This study provides a detailed look at the economic outcomes of Vietnamese refugees over the three decades after their arrival. It also examines how regional contexts affected these outcomes. Based on multi-year census data, the study finds that adult Vietnamese refugees arrived with little human capital but had high employment rates. Over time, they closed the earnings gap with other immigrants. Childhood Vietnamese refugees outperformed other child immigrants and Canadian-born peers in education and earnings as adults.